English Present Participles and Their Equivalents in Persian

The main objective of this study was to find out whether english present participleschange in the process of translation into persian. the material for the study wascollected from the book, 'animal farm', written by george orwell (1990) and itsthree translations into persian. based on the content or text analysis, the researchercould determine different grammatical structures in persian for english presentparticiples. of this storybook, 10 complex sentences containing present participleswere selected from each chapter. these english structures were analyzed based oncatford's model (1965) of shifts in translation. then, the frequencies andpercentages were estimated and represented in figures i, 2 and 3. thegrammatical structures in persian were distributed such that persian verb structureshad the most (40%), and implications and phrases (3%) the least frequencies. theother grammatical structures such as clauses or adverbs obtained different levels offrequencies among the frequencies of the above mentioned structures. this paperprovides other researchers an insight into translating these structures from englishto persian or other languages through analyzing the methods by which we canrelate these structures to their translations; furthermore, the researcher can developthe methods for other grammatical structures