on lexical borrowing in translation of english novels into persian

Literary texts and so novels are loaded with culture-bound items. since novels deal with human experiences and different aspects of the life such as personal and social aspects, they usually are loaded with culture-related concepts which can be considered as perfect candidates for borrowing during translation process. thus, it can be asserted that borrowing is commonly used by literary translator in order to overcome the cultural and linguistic differences between the source text and the target text. the present study draws on the notion of lexical borrowing in the translation of english novels into persian in order to detect whether there are changes made to the spelling and pronunciation of the borrowed items in the translated persian novels under study compared to their original versions. it further intends to explore lexical borrowing in novels translated from english into persian and find out what semantic fields are more open to borrowing than others.