بررسی ارتباط قدردانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک ‌شده با شادکامی زنان سالمند مناطق 3، 4 و 5 شهر تهران در سال 1399 در دوران همه‌گیری بیماری کووید-19: یک مطالعه توصیفی

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖﻧﮕﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 384 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 3، 4 و 5 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 1399 ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎ از ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎی ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ gratitude questionnaire-six item form، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ادراک ﺷﺪه multidimensional scale of perceived social support و ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ آﮐﺴﻔﻮرد oxford happiness inventory اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺳﺮاﻧﺠﺎم در 54 ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎرکﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 3، 4 و 5 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان، ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻗﻠﻢ-ﮐﺎﻏﺬی ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ pearson و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ ﮔﺎمﺑﻪﮔﺎم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ و اﻧﺤﺮاف اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ 7/38 ± 26/08، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ 7/05 ± 25/90، ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ 6/30 ± 22/66، ﻣﻌﺎﯾﻨﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ رواﻧﯽ 2/62 ± 26/85 و ﺳﻦ 2/71 ± 63/75 ﺳﺎل ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ (r=0.78, p<0.001) و ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ (r=0.44, p<0.001) راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداری دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ ﮔﺎمﺑﻪﮔﺎم ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ (b=0.716, p<0.001) ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ 0/213=p<0/001 ،β ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ 65 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ دارﻧﺪ و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ را ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﺸﺎورهای ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ روش ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Investigating the Relationship between Gratitude and Perceived Social Support and Happiness of Elderly Women in Districts 3, 4, and 5 of Tehran in 2020 during the Epidemic of Covid-19 Disease: A Descriptive Study

Background and Objectives: Hopelessness, belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness are important risk factors for suicidal ideation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the interaction of hopelessness, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness in suicidal ideation and behavior.Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and modeling. The study population included all students of Mohaghegh Ardabil University in the academic year 2020; out of which 650 people were selected using convenience sampling method and completed the questionnaires of Hopelessness, Depressive SymptomSuicidality Subscale, Suicidal Behavior, and Interpersonal Needs in an online way. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and Hayes’ macro PROCESS tests.Results: The results showed a significant positive relationship between negative hopelessness and belongingness (r=0.45, p<0.001), burdensomeness (r=0.37, p<0.001), idea (r=0.32, p<0.001), and suicidal behavior (r=0.26, p<0.001). There was also a significant positive relationship between positive hopelessness and belongingness (r=0.32, p<0.001), burdensomeness (r=0.37, p<0.001), idea (r=0.25, p<0.001), and suicidal behavior (r=0.26, p<0.001). The results also confirmed the interaction of hopelessness, belongingness, and burdensomeness in suicidal ideation and behavior.Conclusion: In general, this study supports the interpersonal theory and the interaction among hopelessness, belongingness, and burdensomeness concerning suicidal ideation and behavior. Based on these findings, it is suggested, to reduce suicidal ideation and attempt, holding skills and motivation training courses can increase hope in people.Keywords: Hopelessness, Depressive symptomsuicidality subscale, Suicidal behavior, Suicidal ideation, StudentsFunding: This study was funded by the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.Conflict of interest: None declared.Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Mohaghegh Ardabili University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.ARUMS.REC.1399.425).How to cite this article: Ahmadboukani S, Ghamarigivi H, Kiani AR, Rezaeisharif A. Testing Thwarted Belongingness and Perceived Burdensomeness in Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in Students: Investigating the Moderating Role of Hopelessness: A Descriptive Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2021; 20 (5): 51938. [Farsi]