پیش‌بینی ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی بر اساس تجارب نامطلوب کودکی با توجه به نقش واسطه‌ای انعطاف‌ناپذیری روان‌شناختی: ارائه مدل ساختاری

مقدمه: شخصیت ضد اجتماعی به طور چشمگیری در سراسر جهان افزایش یافته است. عوامل علی متنوعی در شکل ‌گیری شخصیت ضد اجتماعی وجود دارد، که غالب آنها در گذشته فرد قرار دارد. هدف از این پژوهش مدل ‌سازی معادلات ساختاری ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی با تاکید بر تجارب نامطلوب کودکی و انعطاف‌ناپذیری روان ‌شناختی بود.روش کار: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی_همبستگی که در قالب الگوی معادلات ساختاری صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه افراد مراجعه ‌کننده به مراکز درمان روان ‌پزشکی همدان در 6 ماهه دوم سال 1400 بودند که 361 نفر از آنها با استفاده از نمونه ‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار های مورد استفاده، پرسشنامه تجارب نامطلوب دوران کودکی، پرسشنامه انعطاف‌ناپذیری روان ‌شناختی و پرسشنامه انحراف هنجاری بودند. روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ‌ها معادلات ساختاری و به طور خاص روش بوت استراپینگ بود که با استفاده از نرم ‌افزارهای spss-26 و  amos-24انجام شد.یافته ‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که تجارب نامطلوب کودکی و انعطاف ‌ناپذیری روان‌ شناختی اثر معنا دار و مستقیمی با ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی دارند (0.01>p). همچنین تجارب نامطلوب کودکی از طریق انعطاف‌ ناپذیری روان ‌شناختی با ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی در ارتباط بود (0.01>p). تحلیل معادلات ساختار روابط میان شاخص‌ ها نشان داد که اثرگذاری مستقیم تجارب نامطلوب و انعطاف ‌ناپذیر روان ‌شناختی بر ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی به ترتیب برابر با 0.44 و 0.35 است و همچنین اثر غیرمستقیم تجارب نامطلوب کودکی با ویژگی شخصیت ضد اجتماعی 0.26 است.نتیجه ‌گیری: با توجه به یافته ‌ها می توان نتیجه ‌گیری نمود که مدل تجارب نامطلوب کودکی پیش بینی ‌کننده شخصیت ضد اجتماعی با نقش واسطه ‌ای انعطاف ‌ناپذیری روان ‌شناختی می ‌باشد. لذا استفاده از درمان ‌هایی که باعث افزایش انعطاف ‌پذیری می ‌گردد (مانند درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد) می تواند علائم شخصیت ضد اجتماعی را کاهش دهد.

predicting antisocial personality traits based adverse childhood experiences regarding the mediating role of psychological inflexibility: presenting a structural model

introductionthe antisocial personality has increased dramatically worldwide. in a meta-analysis study, busari showed that the prevalence of antisocial personality ranges from 3 to 30 percent (3).some studies have identified contextual factors as facilitating conditions for developing an antisocial personality, such as adverse childhood experiences, conduct disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (3, 4). felitti et al. first demonstrated that adverse childhood experiences increase physical and mental illness risk. these experiences directly impact the development of information that can affect the development of a wide range of factors that increase the risk of antisocial behavior and violence (7). the basic assumption about the long-term consequences of adverse childhood experiences is that exposure to adverse childhood experiences randomly influences the likelihood of developing a wide range of negative behavioral, physical, and psychological outcomes.psychological inflexibility is another variable that directly affects antisocial personality.  psychological inflexibility can be defined as a pattern of behavior that is overly controlled by a person’s thoughts, feelings, and emotions. these negative experiences are avoided, thus reducing the valuable actions of life. psychological inflexibility is characterized by six interrelated processes: avoidance of experiences, cognitive fusion, conceptualized self-centeredness, lack of contact with the present moment, lack of clarity of values, and noncommittal action (15). individuals who have experienced aces may be less skilled at separating themselves from negative thoughts and may be more likely to constrict lives to avoid their negative thoughts and emotions. however, if these individuals are psychologically flexible, they could be more capable of allowing themselves to experience their thoughts and feelings and live following their values (12, 21). due to the importance of costs imposed on society by people with antisocial personality and considering the research background, the present study was conducted to develop a structural model for predicting antisocial personality based on adverse childhood experiences with the mediate role of psychological inflexibility.methodsthe research method was descriptive correlational, which the relationship between research variables is analyzed through path analysis. this model used adverse childhood experiences as independent variables, psychological inflexibility as mediated variables, and antisocial personality as dependent variables. the statistical population of this study included all people who went to health centers in hamedan city in the six months of 2021. convenience sampling was used at this stage of the study. notably, in the research sample of the model trial, the criteria for inclusion of participants were individuals aged 18 to 40 years who had at least a middle school diploma, were patients of hamedan health centers, and had informed consent. the exit criterion for participants in this phase of the study was the submission of an incomplete questionnaire. the filitti early adverse childhood experiences questionnaire, relfs psychological inflexibility questionnaire, and vazsonyi normative deviance scale questionnaire were used to measure the research variables. data analysis was performed by descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and pearson correlation by spss-26. to evaluate the fit of the structural equation model (in this study, the kolmogorov-smirnov test was used to test the assumption of normality), several indicator s include the goodness of fit index (gfi), root mean squared error of approximation (rmsea), comparative fit index (cfi), tucker-lewis (1), bentler–bonett normed fit index (nfi) were used by amos-24 software. furthermore, the bootstrap method was used to investigate the indirect relationships of the routes. in this study, a significance level was considered less than 0.05.resultsthe number of females is 141 (39%), and male is 220 (61%). the mean and standard deviation of the age of the subjects were 30.81 and 5.9; 129 people from the city’s outskirts, 71 people from the village, and 161 people from the city center participated in the research. first, the normality of data distribution was checked and confirmed using kolmogorov-smirnov statistical test (p<0.05). the results of the correlation matrix indicated a positive relationship between adverse childhood experiences and antisocial personality and psychological inflexibility (0.01).