شناسایی عوامل موثر بر ریسک ‌گریزی افراد در ایران

ریسک و نااطمینانی نقش مهمی در تصمیم‌های اقتصادی بازی می‌کنند. از آنجایی ‌که نگرش‌های متفاوت نسبت به ریسک منجر به انتخاب‌های متفاوت می‌شود؛ از این رو، آگاهی از عوامل تعیین‌کننده این ترجیحات برای درک و پیش‌بینی رفتار افراد بسیار مهم است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی اثر برخی از عوامل موثر بر نگرش افراد به ریسک (درجه ریسک‌گریزی) با تاکید بر خوش‌بینی و صبوری (نرخ ترجیح زمانی) افراد است. در این پژوهش به‌منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، کشور ایران است و تعداد نمونه برگزیده 304 نفر از افرادی هستند که در کشور ایران زندگی می‌کنند و از طریق نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده‌اند. روش تحقیق، مدل رگرسیون چندمتغیره است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای خوش‌بینی و درآمد، اثر منفی معنی‌دار و سن، اثر مثبت معنی‌دار بر ریسک ‌گریزی دارند. این در حالی است که صبوری، اثر معنی‌داری بر ریسک‌ گریزی ندارد.

identifying the factors affecting the risk aversion of individuals in iran

risk and uncertainty are key factors in making economic decisions. since individual attitudes towards risk can greatly influence choices, it is crucial to understand the determinants of such preferences in order to predict and comprehend individuals’ behavior. the present study aimed to investigate the impact of several factors on individuals’ attitudes towards risk, specifically the degree of risk aversion, by examining individuals’ optimism and patience (time preference). the study used a questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 304 individuals in iran selected through random sampling. the research method was a multivariate regression model. the findings indicated that both optimism and income have a significant negative effect on risk aversion, while age has a significant positive effect. furthermore, the study found that patience does not have a significant impact on risk aversion.introductionrisk and uncertainty are critical factors that heavily influence most economic decisions, including investment, education, employment, and the decision to buy a house or insurance. such decisions involve an element of risk, so they are highly influenced by individuals’ attitudes towards risk. in developing countries, such as iran, most individuals typically experience unstable incomes, limited access to insurance, and possess few assets to cushion the impact of severe economic shocks. as a result, individuals in these circumstances are more exposed to risk, and these factors can significantly influence their attitudes towards risk. understanding the determinants of these preferences is crucial to comprehending and predicting people’s behavior, as different attitudes towards risk lead to different choices. the present study was to examine how certain factors, such as optimism and patience (time preference rate), influence individuals’ attitudes towards risk. in addition, socio-economic variables were included as control variables to account for their potential impact.materials and methodsto gather data on individuals’ degrees of risk aversion, optimism, and patience, this study used a questionnaire based on internationally recognized surveys. the model was then estimated by the general multivariate regression through the ordinary least squares (ols) method.