توسعه منابع انسانی بخش کشاورزی در نواحی روستایی (مورد: بخش مرکزی شهرستان ملایر)

ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻏﻔﻠﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰان ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آﯾﻨﺪه ﭘﮋوﻫﯽ اﺳﺖ. از آﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎی اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﻮر اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﻮده، ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در اﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ دﻗﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی آن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﮔﺮدد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت وﺳﯿﻊ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ای، ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. از ﺷﯿﻮه ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﺎی دﻟﻔﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎی ﻣﯿﮏ ﻣﮏ ووﯾﺰارد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 24 ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﻋﻤﺮان روﺳﺘﺎ، اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، ﻓﻨﺎوری ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ، رﻓﻊ ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺾ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮی و روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ ﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﯿﺸﺮاﻧﻬﺎی ﻣﻬﻢ در اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺑﺮای آﯾﻨﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. درﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎی ﮔﺮوه اول زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮای اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﭘﺎﯾﺪار وﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار روﺳﺘﺎ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. در ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻄﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزی و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه و دﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﺟﺪی ﺑﺮای اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﯿﻢ داﺷﺖ. در ﮔﺮوه دوم ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از ﺧﺮدﺷﺪن اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آﻣﺪه، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژی ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎی ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ، آب و ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺣﻔﻆ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺾ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ و ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت روﺳﺘﺎﺋﯿﺎن ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺎن ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آﯾﺪ. در ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺳﻮم ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺳﺎزی اراﺿﯽ اﻗﺪاﻣﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﯿﺮد، ﻫﺮ روز زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ، اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ، و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ؛ روز ﺑﻪ روز ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ ﻫﺎی ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮاﻣﻮﺷﯽ ﺳﭙﺮده ﺷﺪه و زﻧﺎن وﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ و راﻫﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ وروﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ

Future research of human resources development of agricultural sector in rural areas (Case: Central part of Malayer city)

Future Studies on Human Resources Development in the Agricultural Sector of Malayer County Many current problems of the agricultural sector of the rural areas are due to past planners’ lack of foresight and since the development or nondevelopment of agricultural section has affected other parts of the country’s economy and development, it is necessary to care fully evaluate the effective factors in this section and identify and resolve its damages and problems. Most people who work in the agricultural sector gradually have faced with some problems due to being old and inadequate education, and they are not fit for a new knowledgebased economy. It is caused by the young and educated people leaving the villages and going to the cities. This research is looking forward to foresight to avoid any potential problems that may arise in this field. The current study was done in three steps. The first step which is relevant to the theoretical part of the research, has been investigated through the laboratory and documentary review method on foresight and human resource development. The second step in the data section was done by observation, interview and questiomaire. Then in the third step, Delphi and structural analysis techniques and the Mick Mac and Wizard soft wares were used. Based on this research 24 main factors in the human resources development were identified and the variables of integrated management of rural development sustainable employment, advanced technology, elimination of discrimination between urban and rural areas and the expansion of production cooperatives with the most direct impact as remarkable criteria in this regard were identified and three groups of scenarios was proposed for the future of human resources in the agricultural sector of rural areas.