جایگاه فضاهای عمومی در تحقق سیاست های بازآفرینی بافت های ناکارآمد: مطالعه موردی محله امام زاده یحیی(ع)

ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﺰل ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ زﯾﺎدی ﺑﺮ ﺗﻨﺰل زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺟﻤﻌﯽ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺟﻤﻌﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺣﯿﺎت ﺟﻤﻌﯽ در آن ﻫﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽ ﭘﺬﯾﺮد، اﯾﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﻗﻠﻤﺮوﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺧﯿﺮا ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم داده اﻧﺪ ﻗﻠﻤﺮوﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﻤﯽ دﭼﺎر ﺿﻌﻒ ﺷﺪﯾﺪی ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻣﺎ در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﺷﻬﺮی (ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ، ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ و ...) ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺮدم در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺧﯿﺮا ﺑﻪ آن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎری ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺎزآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮی اﺳﺖ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺤﻮرﻫﺎی ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎزآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮی ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎ و ﻗﻠﻤﺮوﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺤﻼت در راﺳﺘﺎی ارﺗﻘﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ از راﻫﺒﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﻪ ﻫﺎی : ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ، ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و راﻫﺒﺮد ﮐﻤﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ و ﭘﺮ ﮐﺮدن ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎی آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﻫﺎی آﻣﺎری، ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری راﺑﻄﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﻣﺎم زاده ﯾﺤﯿﯽ)ع( ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان و ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در ﻣﺤﺪوده ی ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ آن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ را اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﺪل ﻧﻈﺮی و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ: آﺳﺎﯾﺶ و راﺣﺘﯽ (88%)، زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﻨﻈﺮ (65%)، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ (57%) و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ (47%) و ...، در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺮدم دارای اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ از ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از رﺿﺎﯾﺘﻤﻨﺪی ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن را از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﻣﺤﻞ زﻧﺪﮔﯿﺸﺎن ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺼﺪاق ارﺗﻘﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻼت از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ارﺗﻘﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ی ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺖ.

The place of public spaces in the implementation of policies for the reconstruction of dysfunctional tissues: A case study of Imamzadeh Yahya (AS) neighborhood

Nowadays, a majority of cities suffer from shortage of quality spaces for collective living. Undesirable space and lack of identity are among factors which put a higher emphasis on promoting quality of life. Life quality is a multiaspect and complex category, and this concept has various meaning for different people and groups with respect to time and local conditions. Nowadays, life quality has decreased in various aspects and people′s presence has faded away in urban areas. However, existing population in public spaces is such that we face a large number of population in some spaces. This population is a factor to decrease collective life quality in cities. This population does not have sufficient area and required facilities to do voluntary activities in the area, and consequently less interactions will be hold, resulting in urban areas which have changed into sedentary spaces and without manifesting social life conditions. The major function of cities is facilitating the presence of citizens in urban spaces, collective life has become the victim of automobile comfort. Thus, the study is looking for explaining the position of public spaces in meeting regeneration policies in ineffective contexts such that promoting public spaces provides some conditions to promote people′s life quality in ineffective contexts (historic contexts).