برآورد هزینه‌های رفاهی انحصار در صنعت خودروی ایران

این مقاله به برآورد خالص زیان رفاهی ناشی از انحصار در صنعت خودروی سواری ایران می‌پردازد. بدین منظور از داده‌های ترکیبی 6 بنگاه خودروسازی طی سال‌های 1386-1379 و نیز از روش لیبنشتاین و کومانور (1969) که علاوه بر لحاظ ناکارایی تخصیصی (مثلث رفاه)، آثار رفاهی ناشی از ناکارایی x را نیز در محاسبات لحاظ می‌نماید؛ استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که هزینه‌های رفاهی ناشی از عملکرد x با لحاظ آثار رفاهی ناشی از ناکارایی تخصیص این صنعت حدود 7/1 درصد از ارزش تولید ناخالص داخلی سال 1386 بوده است.

Estimation of the Welfare Costs of Monopoly Power in Iran's Auto Industry

In the literature on economic growth, foreign trade is regarded as a growth factor since it is an effective factor in forming a country’s economy and is capable of influencing all economic sectors. Among different foreign trade approaches, such as export and import, development of nonoil exports is one of the most important economic and political issues which enjoys top priority not only for the sake of absorbing foreign currency, but in terms of providing employment opportunities in the country.In this paper, the main discussion is around the analysis of the growth effect of nonoil exports on the domestic nonoil GDP growth and also export growth in separate sectors of agriculture and industry on domestic GDP of these sectors during 19742009 using Feder growth model in Iran.The findings of the study show that nonoil exports of Iran have no significant effect on the growth of nonoil GDP. It is also seen that agricultural export has no meaningful effect on its GDP growth, while it is not benefitting from the export of other nonoil sectors and oil exports. While GDP of industrial sectors is influenced by the exports of this sector, it is also benefiting from the exports of nonoil sectors and oil exports, among which the effect of other nonoil sector’s exports surpasses the other two sectors.