ﻧﺮخ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﻧﺴﺒﯽ و ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ eriosoma lanigerum,hausmann1802 (hemiptra : aphikidae)روی ﭘﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎی ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﯿﺐ

ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻣﯽ eriosoma lanigerum hausmann hem: aphididae ﯾﮑﯽ از آﻓﺎت اﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ در 10 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ از ﻣﯿﺎن ﻧﺘﺎج اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪاﺳﯿﻮن و ﮔﺮدهاﻓﺸﺎﻧﯽ آزاد ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎی ﭘﺎﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ آزاﯾﺶ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن و ﻣﺮﺑﺎﺋﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان واﻟﺪ ﻣﺎدری، و ﭘﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎی روﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﺠﺎری ﺳﯿﺐ m9, m27, b9 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان واﻟﺪ ﭘﺪری ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎی 1399 ﺗﺎ 1401 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﮐﻠﻮﻧﯽﻫﺎی ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺮ 2 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﯾﮑﺒﺎر از اﺑﺘﺪای ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ ﺗﺎ آﺑﺎنﻣﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺮخ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﻧﺴﺒﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺻﻔﺎت روﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ درﺻﺪ رﯾﺸﻪزاﯾﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد رﯾﺸﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه، ﻃﻮل ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ رﯾﺸﻪزا روی ﭘﺎﯾﮏﻫﺎ، ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺎﯾﮏ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪای و درﺟﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﺮخ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدل 0/14 ± 2/42 و 0/06 ± 0/96 ﺑﻮد. ﻏﯿﺮﺣﺴﺎسﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﺣﺴﺎسﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ azop3)1386 وm9op3 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت روﯾﺸﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎی ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪی ﭘﺎﯾﮏ در ﺑﺮوز ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎی ﭘﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎی ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﺳﯿﺐ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺮخ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار و ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﯿﺐ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮدهاﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی اﺻﻼﺣﯽ آﯾﻨﺪه ارﻗﺎم ﺳﯿﺐ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد دارد.

relative establishment rate and host preference of wooly apple aphid eriosoma lanigerum (hausmann, 1802)(hemiptera: aphididae) on promising apple hybrid rootstocks

the wooly apple aphid, eriosoma lanigerum hausmann hem.: aphididae), is one of the main pests of apples all over the world. the purpose of this research was to investigate the host preference of wooly apple aphids toward 10 selected genotypes among the promising offspring obtained from hybridization and free pollination of indigenous apple genotypes azaish isfahan and marbai mashhad) as maternal parent, and commercial apple cultivars m9, m27, b9) as a paternal parent. this project was carried out during 2020 to 2022. the colonies of wooly apple aphids were monitored every 2 weeks from the beginning of april to november. relative establishment rate and aphid preference index were calculated. vegetative traits including percentage of rooting, number of roots produced, length of the rooting zone on stems, length of roots and number of stems produced were measured. in order to differentiate the hybrids, the cluster analysis method and the degree of effect of different traits on the indices were investigated through correlation analysis. the average establishment rate and preference index were 2.42±0.14 and 0.96±0.06, respectively. the most insensitive and the most sensitive hybrid base were azop3 1386) and m9op3, respectively. some of the vegetative characteristics of the hybrid rootstocks, including the average length of the productive root of the line have been effective in the occurrence of differences in the studied apple hybrid rootstocks in terms of establishment rate and host preference of wooly apple aphid. the results of this research are used in the future improvement programs of apple cultivars.