ارزیابی و پهنه‌بندی توانمندی مناطق مستعد توسعه تفرج آبی با تلفیق ahp ،topsis و gisدر منابع آبی شهرستان دورود

شهرستان دورود در شرق استان لرستان می‌باشد که به‌عنوان سرزمینی سرشار از منابع طبیعی، تاریخی و فرهنگی از یک سو و دارا بودن آب و هوای چهار فصل، رودخانه‌های پرآب و چشمه‌های جاری، کوهستان‌های برف‌گیر و نظایر آن جزء یکی از مهمترین مناطق جاذب گردشگر در استان لرستان شناخته شده است. این موقعیت ممتاز در گردشگری می‌تواند بسترهای لازم را برای سرمایه‌گذاری و جذب گردشگر، ایجاد اشتغال و درآمد و ارتقا رفاه اجتماعی فراهم نماید. در این پژوهش با استفاده از ارزیابی چند معیاره، پهنه‌های مناسب برای تفرج آبی در منابع آبی ساکن و خروشان در شهرستان دورود شناسایی شدند. معیارهای محیط‌زیستی تاثیرگذار در پهنه‌بندی گردشگری آبی در 5 گروه معیار شامل معیار‌های فیزیکی، اکولوژیکی، زیرساختی- کالبدی، ایمنی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی و 27 زیرمعیار برای تفرج آبی در منابع آبی ساکن و 26 زیرمعیار برای تفرج آبی در منابع آبی خروشان تدوین ‌شدند و براساس مدل ارزیابی چند معیاره، پهنه‌های مناسب گردشگری تعیین گردید. در نهایت با استفاده از مدل topsis پهنه‌های مناسب برای گردشگری اولویت‌بندی گردیدند. نتایج حاصل از مدل تاپسیس نشان داد که پهنه‌های سد مروک، سراب و آب‌بندان ماهی همیانه، آب‌بندان حشمت‌آباد 2 به ترتیب دارای بالاترین اولویت پهنه‌ها برای تفرج آبی در منابع آبی ساکن شناخته شدند. همچنین بالاترین اولویت برای تفرج آبی در منابع آبی خروشان مربوط به پهنه‌های رودخانه سزار، گهر رود 1 و گهر رود 2 می‌باشد. نتایج حاصل از روش مقایسات زوجی نشان می‌دهد که 8/69 درصد از مساحت کل منطقه برای تفرج آبی متمرکز در منابع آبی ساکن، 7/16 درصد برای تفرج آبی گسترده در منابع آبی خروشان، توان بالا داردوشهرستان دورود با توجه به منابع آبی فراوان، قابلیت و ظرفیت بالایی در زمینه تفرج‌های آبی دارد.

Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city

IntroductionToday, tourism is considered as one of the most important activities in the world, and it has high potential in generating foreign currency incomes and creating jobs. According to the definition, ecotourism is a responsibly journey to natural areas that protect the environment and improve the lives of local people. Despite having the necessary potential in tourism in Iran, it has not succeeded in attracting tourists. The first step towards achieving tourism development in the country is identifying, assessing, and introducing the existent potentials and capabilities to provide development opportunities with comprehensive knowledge and planning. Dorud is one of the unparalleled regions in Lorestan province due to the availability of sufficient water resources that can be a good place for water resource recreation. Unfortunately, despite these tourist attractions, there has not yet been an organized approach to land use planning that takes into account these natural talents of the region for water tourism. According to the mentioned issues, the present study intends to use a multicriteria evaluation to identify and zonate suitable areas of water tourism, and its purpose is to properly plan the tourism with environmental considerations and prioritize these areas in the Dorud city.Materials and methodsDorud is situated in Lorestan Province. It is located between latitudes 33°16’33°44’N and longitudes 48°47’49°19’. In this study, by investigating the factors influencing the zoning of tourismprone areas, Dorud region has been zoned based on multicriteria evaluation model. Multicriteria evaluation is a structured process for defining goals, formulating criteria, evaluating, and solving decision problems. In this study, the criteria was detemined based on the criteria of the ecotourism national document, the criteria of the ecological potential assessment, and the ecotourism criteria in the protected areas. After the preparation of the criteria maps, it is necessary to standardize the maps that have different ranges and scales. In this research, Fuzzy and Boolean methods were used to standard the scales. In order to fuzzy the criteria maps, the pixels are ranked based on the membership degree in the fuzzy range from 0 to 255, and high degree of membership indicate more desirability of pixels for tourism. In the Boolean method, zero values are inappropriate areas, and values of one indicate suitable areas for development. In order to weigh the criteria, the pairwise comparison method was used in the form of analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and then the maps were combined using the weighted linear combination method. Then, in order to prepare the final suitable map, it is necessary to extract the zones, which have 70% suitability and have more than 5 hectares. Finally, suitable zones for recreation prioritized by TOPSIS model.Result and discussionIn this research, the effective environmental criteria were considered as informational layers in water recreation zoning. Criteria were taken with two views: one for water recreation in lotic water resources, and the other on flowing water resources. The effective environmental criteria in water recreation zoning classified in 5 criterion groups involved physical, ecological, fundamental, safety, and socialeconomic and 27 sub criterion for water recreation in Lotic water resources, and 26 sub criterion for water recreation in lentic water resources. At this step, due to the difference in the type of tourism recreation in lotic and flowing water resources, two types of utility maps for the flowing water resources (waterfall and rivers) and the latic water recources (mineral fountain, dam, water reservoirs, sarab, lakes and wetlands) were prepared. Then, in order to zoning the area, the final raster layer was classified into four categories based on the suitability of the land. Thus, the first categort with high