ارزیابی پایداری اجتماعی محلات شهری با تاکید برشاخص ترکیب کاربری اراضی (مطالعه موردی منطقه 15 شهر تهران)

در طول چند دهه گذشته توجه به پایدار اجتماعی در سطح محلات شهری تبدیل به یک الگوی برنامه ریزی مهم در کشورهای پیشرفته شده است. هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی پایداری اجتماعی محلات شهری منطقه 15 شهر تهران با تاکید برشاخص اختلاط کاربری اراضی است. اختلاط کاربری ها و توزیع فعالیت ها از عوامل تاثیرگذار بر الگوهای پایداری اجتماعی در سطح محلات شهری است .این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی است و با استفاده از روش توصیفی تحلیلی انجام شده است. در این پژوهش ابتدا از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه ای، شاخص های اختلاط کاربری موثر بر پایداری اجتماعی در 5شاخص دسترسی پذیری به کاربری ها، نحوه توزیع کاربری ها، تنوع و برابری کاربری ها، قدمت و سازگاری کاربری ها، ملاحظات طراحی در برنامه ریزی کاربری ها تعیین شدند. جامعه‌آماری مدیران و کارشناسان شهری وساکنین محلات مورد مطالعه است. . ابتدا میزان اختلاط کاربری هر یک از محله های شهر از طریق ضریب آنتروپی شانون محاسبه وشاخص های مورد مطالعه در محلات ، با استفاده ازتکنیک کوپراس رتبه بندی شد. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان داد مقدار بتای شاخص دسترسی پذیری به کاربری های(0.485β=)، تراکم کاربری ها(0.482β= )و نحوه توزیع کاربری ها(0.479 β= )به ترتیب بیشترین اهمیت را در سطح پایداری اجتماعی محلات مورد مطالعه دارند و محلات مورد مطالعه از نظر پایداری اجتماعی سطوح متفاوتی دارند؛ به طوری که محلات افسریه شمالی (98.23) و افسریه جنوبی (96.83) و کیان شهر شمالی(84.23) از لحاظ شاخص های اختلاط کاربری اراضی بهترین وضعیت را دارند و محلات هاشم آباد با (27.043 nj= )و مینایی با (22.43 nj=) در بدترین وضعیت قرار دارند.

Title: Assessing the social sustainability of urban neighborhoods with an emphasis on composition of land use (Case study of 15th district of Tehran

IntroductionOver the past few decades, the social sustainability of urban areas has become an important planning model in developed countries. The present study aims to assess the social sustainability of urban neighborhoods in District 15 of Tehran with an emphasis on the landuse mix index. The landuse mix and distribution of activities are among the factors affecting the social sustainability of urban neighborhoods. These two factors are examined with items such as accessibility of landuses, distribution of landuses, diversity and equality of landuses, age and compatibility of landuses, design considerations in landuse planning are examined. And social sustainability, as a dependent variable, is investigated at the urban neighborhood level with items such as involvement and empowerment of local communities, sense of belonging to neighborhoods, security and health, capital and social solidarity, the cultural identity of neighborhoods, vitality of neighborhoods, social accountability and sense of neighborhood.Data and MethodThe present study is applied, descriptivesurvey research in which data are collected using both library and field studies. Using a library study, the required indices are extracted by reviewing relevant studies and theories on landuse mix and sustainability. First, the landuse mix measure of each neighborhood is calculated using Shannon entropy and the studied indices in the neighborhoods are ranked using the COPRAS method. Due to the lack of a standard questionnaire on the research subject, a researchermade questionnaire is used. The statistical population includes urban managers and experts as well as the residents of the study areas. The sample size is estimated to be 385 using Cochran’s formula. The questionnaires are distributed according to the population of the neighborhoods. The reliability of the questionnaire is estimated to be above 0.8 using Cochran’s alpha, indicating that the items or questions are fully related to each other. To analyze the relationships between variables. Spearman’s correlation coefficient, descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as onesample ttest and KruskalWallis test, are used in SPSS software. Results and Discussion In total, 81.2% of the respondents are men and 17.9% are women. Most of the respondents are in the 3852 age group. The results of Shannon entropy show the weights of each landuse mix index, with the greatest weight (0.9943) for the component of accessibility to landuses and the least weight (0.7542) for the component of design considerations in landuse planning. The studied neighborhoods are at different levels in terms of social sustainability; so the neighborhoods of North Afsariyeh (NJ= 98.23), South Afsariyeh (NJ= 96.83), and North Kianshahr (NJ=84.23) have the best situation in the landuse mix indices while the neighborhoods of Hashemabad (NJ = 27.043), and Minayi (NJ = 22.43) are in the worst condition. ConclusionThe results of the research show that in the studied neighborhoods, &accessibility to landuses& (β = 0.485), &the density of landuses& (β = 0.482), and &the distribution of landuses& (β = 0.479) are the most important indices of social sustainability, respectively. The social sustainability of urban neighborhoods is affected by several factors, one of which is the landuse mix index. The present study is conducted to investigate the social sustainability of urban neighborhoods in District 15 of Tehran with an emphasis on the effectiveness of the landuse mix index. To investigate the social sustainability of neighborhoods, the following indicators are studied: involvement of local communities, sense of belonging, security, social capital, cultural identity, vitality, and social accountability. Moreover, to investigate the impact of the landuse mix index on social sustainability, the following indicators are investigated: accessibility of landuses, landuse density, distribution of landuses, landuse diversity, age, and compatibility of landuses, are design considerations in landuse planning. Weighting landuse mix indices using Shannon entropy shows that the greatest weight (0.9943) belongs to the &accessibility of landuses& component. In the next step, in order to measure the social sustainability of urban neighborhoods, the VIKOR method is used.