مفهوم تقارن بین عناصر مادی و معنوی در نگرش های مختلف منطقی (نگرش مناسب برای قانون گذاری)

ﻳﻜﻲ از اﺻﻮل ﺣﻘﻮق ﺟﺰا، ﺗﻘﺎرن زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺎدی و ﻣﻌﻨﻮی در ﺟﺮاﻳﻤﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ. اﺣﺮاز و اﺛﺒﺎت اﻳﻦ ﻫﻢ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﻲ اﻣﻜﺎن ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ و ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻀﻴﻴﻊ ﺣﻘﻮق اﻓﺮاد و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻲ ﻋﺪاﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮد . ﺑﺮای اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲ، راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺗﻘﺎرن ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻨﻄﻖ ارﺳﻄﻮﻳﻲ، ﻓﺎزی و زﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ -ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺮدد. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺗﻘﺎرن ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻨﻄﻖ دوارزﺷﻲ ارﺳﻄﻮﻳﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاردی از ﺑﻲ ﻋﺪاﻟﺘﻲ در ﺣﻖ ﺑﺰه دﻳﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﺠﺎﻣﺪ و ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎر ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮی رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ، در ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﻪ دو ﻣﻨﻄﻖ دﻳﮕﺮی ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ارزﺷﻲ اﻧﺪ، ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﻲ از ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲ رﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ.

The concept of coincidence between material and mental elements In different logical attitudes (Appropriate Approach to Legislation)

According to one of the accepted principles of criminal law, the principle of the coincidence of the material and mental element, the mere existence of these two does not suffice for the fulfillment of the crimes that require both elements, but their coincidence is also necessary. On the other hand, the logic is scientific that keeps ideas from falling into error by providing a proper definition of surrounding concepts. The purpose of this article is to examine the concept of the coincidence between elements in some of the logical ideas presented by the elders to determine which of them provides a better concept than coincidence for lawmaking. It helps to protect the realities and social interests while protecting the basic principles of criminal law and the penal system would be better achieved with its supreme goal of justice. Thus, in this article, first, some logical ideas are expressed and then the concept of coincidence is considered from the perspective of these logical ideas. Finally, it becomes clear what logical thought, with its definition of the concept of coincidence, provides context to supply community interests and criminal justice.