اثربخشی روان‌درمانی پویشی فشرده و کوتاه‌مدت بر کاهش علائم و مکانیسم‌های دفاعی اختلالات شخصیت وسواسی-جبری و اجتنابی

رواندرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺸﺮده و ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﻣﺪت istdp ﯾﮑﯽ از درﻣﺎنﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮای اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ رواندرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺸﺮده و ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﻣﺪت ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻼﯾﻢ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢﻫﺎی دﻓﺎﻋﯽ اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎرﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در زﻣﺮه ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎی ﺷﺒﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﺗﮏآزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ a-b-a اﺳﺖ. از ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼلﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان، 6 ﻧﻔﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ دو اﺧﺘﻼل ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﺮدﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﺒﺎرت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ از: ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻮری ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯿﻠﻮن-3 mcmi-iii، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺎزوﮐﺎرﻫﺎی دﻓﺎﻋﯽ-40 و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮای اﺧﺘﻼﻻت scid) dsm). ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ رواندرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺸﺮده و ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﻣﺪت ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد دواﻧﻠﻮ 2000 ،1995 روی ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻨﺠﺶ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ از ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺧﻂ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ، ﻫﺮ 3 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﯾﮑﺒﺎر ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺲ از اﺗﻤﺎم ﺟﻠﺴﺎت درﻣﺎﻧﯽ، 3 ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮی ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﯾﮏﻣﺎﻫﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﻮدار ﭼﺸﻤﯽ و آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ و ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 24 ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار spss ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ درﻣﺎن رواﻧﭙﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺸﺮده و ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ-ﻫﺎی اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد 0/05 < p. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، اﯾﻦ درﻣﺎن ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢﻫﺎی دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ، ﻧﺎﭘﺨﺘﻪ و ﻧﻮروﺗﯿﮏ در اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد 0/05 < p. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ درﻣﺎن رواﻧﭙﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺸﺮده و ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﻣﺪت ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻼﯾﻢ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢﻫﺎی دﻓﺎﻋﯽ اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ وﺳﻮاﺳﯽ-ﺟﺒﺮی و اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری دارد.

the he effectiveness of intensive and short-term dynamic psychotherapy on reducing the symptoms and defense mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive and avoidant personality disorders

abstractintroduction and objective: intensive and short term dynamic psychotherapy (istdp) is one of the effective treatments for personality disorders. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of istdp on reducing the symptoms and defensive mechanisms of obsessive compulsive and avoidant personality disorders.method: the present study is an experimental research with a single experimental design (a b a). the statistical population of the present study consisted of all individuals with personality disorders, tehran who referred to two psychology clinics in tehran in 2019. among the above statistical population, 6 people were diagnosed with obsessive compulsive and avoidant personality disorders based on the millon clinical multiaxial inventory (mcmi iii) and structured clinical interview for dsm disorders (scid ii) based on the on dsm 5 criteria were selected by purposive sampling method. the instruments used in this study were: millon clinical multiaxial inventory (mcmi iii), defensive mechanisms questionnaire 40 and structured clinical interview for dsm disorders (scid). in addition, istdp protocol was applied to the research sample according to the davanlo (1995, 2000) approach for 15 sessions once a week and each session for one hour. subjects were assessed after baseline assessment, once every 3 sessions, and after the treatment sessions, 3 follow up assessments were performed at one month intervals. data were analyzed using eye charts and friedman test and version 24 of spss software.results: the results showed that istdp reduces the symptoms of obsessive compulsive and avoidant personality disorders (p <0.05). also, this treatment was significant in reducing, immature and neurotic defensive mechanisms and increasing mature defensive mechanisms in individuals with obsessive compulsive and avoidant personality disorders (p <0.05).conclusion: according to the findings, it can be concluded that istdp has a significant effect on reducing the symptoms and defensive mechanisms of obsessive compulsive and avoidant personality disorders.