changes in the oral microbiota induced by peri-implantitis: a meta-analysis

Background: peri-implantitis is an infectious disease around dental implants characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant connective tissues and progressive loss of supporting bone, with an estimated prevalence of around 22%. peri-implantitis microbiota is different from that observed in both periodontitis and healthy implants. knowledge of this microbiota is crucial for the proper treatment of the disease. objective: to assess the differences in the oral microbiota in dental implant-bearing patients with and without peri-implantitis. methods: a search for studies on microbiota and peri-implantitis up to june 2021 was conducted in the following databases: pubmed (medline, cochrane library), web of science, scopus, proquest, lilacs, and google scholar. for dichotomous outcomes, the effects of the intervention were expressed as odds ratios (or) using mantel-haenszel (mh) method with 95% confidence intervals. results: twelve studies with 1324 participants were included in this meta-analysis. peri-implantitis patients were more likely to be carriers of the following microorganisms: tannerella forsythia (or=3.17, 95% ci: 1.55 to 6.51, p<0.01); prevotella intermedia (or=2.21, 95% ci: 1.73 to 2.82, p<0.001); treponema denticola (or=2.18, 95% ci: 1.70 to 2.79, p<0.001); porphyromonas gingivalis (or=2.04, 95% ci: 1.16 to 3.59, p=0.01); fusobacterium nucleatum (or=1.81, 95% ci: 1.21 to 2.72, p<0.01), and campylobacter rectus (or=1.69, 95% ci: 1.32 to 2.17, p<0.001). in contrast, the bacteria aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and streptococcus mitis were more prevalent in peri-implantitis patients but not significantly (p>0.05). conclusion: peri-implantitis modifies the quantitative and qualitative composition of the oral microbiota.