بایسته‌های حقوقی مواجهه با آثار ضد فرهنگی تبلیغات تلویزیونی در نظم حقوقی ایران

از جمله شریان‌های اصلی اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری که در عصر رسانه جایگاه ممتازی یافته، تبلیغات تجاری است. خصوصاً اگر این تبلیغات از طریق رسانه‌ای فراگیر و موثر مانند تلویزیون منتشر شود، انتظار بیشتری از تاثیر آنان بر شهروندان می‌رود. لذا از آن جهت که در برخی موارد ممکن است تا محتوای تبلیغات تلویزیونی واجد آثار ضدفرهنگی شده و نظم، مصلحت و خیر عمومی را به مخاطره بیاندازد، دولت‌ها به تنظیم‌گری آن روی می‌آورند. در ایران، با توجه به ماهیت دولتی و رایگان بودن تلویزیون و همچنین وجود فرهنگ اصیلِ ملی آیینی که حراست از آن موضوعیت دارد، مطالعه این تنظیم‌گری حقوقی ضرورت بیشتری می‌یابد. در این مقاله، با روش توصیفی تحلیلی به این سوال پاسخ داده می‌شود که «در نظم حقوقی ایران چه هنجارهای حقوقی در مواجهه با آثارضدفرهنگی تبلیغات تجاری وجود داشته و تنظیم‌گری حقوقی آثار ضدفرهنگی این آگهی‌های بازرگانی به چه نحوی صورت می‌پذیرد؟». یافته‌های این جستار نشانگر آن است که علیرغم وجود هنجارهای حقوقی متعدد وضع‌شده جهت تحدید آثار ضدفرهنگی تبلیغات تلویزیونی، اهداف آن محقق نشده و این هنجارهای پراکنده اجرایی نمی‌شوند. علاوه بر پراکندگی تقنینی، واحد انگاشتن مرجع تقنین، مرجع اجراء، مرجع نظارت، مرجع جرم‌انگاری و مرجع دادرسی پیرامون تبلیغات تلویزیونی و سپردن همه این نقش‌های خطیر به اداره کل بازرگانی سازمان صداوسیما، بر ناکارآمدی و نابسامانی وضعیت فرهنگی آگهی‌های بازرگانی در سیمای ملی افزوده است. وانگهی، این نقیصه به تخریب فرهنگ اصیل ایرانی اسلامی سرعت بخشیده است.

legal requirements for addressing the anti-cultural effects of television advertising in the iranian legal system

introduction the rapid expansion of commercial advertising, especially through television, has created significant societal and cultural impacts. the unique attributes of television—its vast reach, diverse audience, and combination of visual and auditory stimuli—make it an exceptionally potent medium. this influence, however, is a double-edged sword, capable of both positive and negative effects. television advertising, driven by modern nihilism and neoliberal ideologies, often oversteps reasonable boundaries, potentially causing cultural harm. the definition of culture, as articulated by taylor, includes an array of elements such as language, religion, art, law, and morality, all of which can be affected by television commercials.     television advertisements interact intimately with public culture and societal norms, leading to significant legal challenges. consequently, nations worldwide have instituted laws to regulate television advertising, curbing misleading advertisements and other violations even within free-market economies. in iran, where cultural values are deeply rooted and the rule of law is paramount, it is crucial to scrutinize the legal boundaries of television advertising to mitigate its potentially anti-cultural impacts.     this research investigates the legal frameworks that address the cultural impacts of television advertising in iran. it aims to delineate the existing regulations and assess the effectiveness of these legal norms in safeguarding iranian cultural values against the detrimental effects of commercial advertising.  research question  the main question of this study is: what are the legal requirements for addressing the anti-cultural effects of television advertising in the iranian legal system?     this question arises from the need to understand how existing laws in iran regulate television advertising to protect cultural values and societal norms. it seeks to explore the adequacy of these regulations in countering the cultural degradation caused by commercial advertising.  research hypothesis  the central hypothesis of this study posits that despite the existence of numerous legal norms aimed at curbing the anti-cultural effects of television advertising, these objectives have not been fully realized. the hypothesis suggests that the current legal norms are fragmented and inadequately enforced, failing to effectively mitigate the cultural harms posed by television commercials.     unlike prior research, which has predominantly focused on the ethical and jurisprudential aspects of television advertising, this study emphasizes the legal norms governing the cultural impacts of television advertising. it hypothesizes that a more consolidated and refined legal framework is necessary for effectively regulating the cultural consequences of television advertising in iran.  methodology & framework, if applicable  this study adopts a qualitative and practical approach, primarily utilizing library-based research methods. the methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of existing legal documents, regulations, and policies that govern television advertising in iran. the research framework is structured as follows:     literature review: the literature review encompasses a thorough examination of previous studies on the cultural impacts of television advertising. this includes both iranian and international perspectives, providing a comparative analysis of different regulatory approaches. the review highlights gaps in the existing literature, particularly the lack of focus on the legal aspects of cultural regulation in television advertising.     legal analysis: the legal analysis involves scrutinizing the iranian legal framework, including the constitution, statutory laws, and regulations related to television advertising. this analysis aims to identify the specific legal provisions that address the cultural impacts of television advertising and evaluate their effectiveness.